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H. David "Davy" Payne (c. 1949 – March 2003) was a senior Northern Irish loyalist and a high-ranking member of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) during the Troubles, serving as brigadier of the North Belfast Brigade. He was second-in-command of the Shankill Road brigade of the Ulster Freedom Fighters (UFF), which was the "cover name" of the militant branch of the UDA. The group was responsible for a series of abductions and killings of mostly Catholic civilians in the early 1970s. He was arrested after being stopped at a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) checkpoint while driving the "scout" (lead) car for his UDA colleagues whose cars' boots contained large caches of weapons imported from Lebanon.〔Peter Taylor, ''Loyalists'', pp. 191-92〕 He was convicted and sentenced to 19 years in prison.〔 ==Ulster Defence Association== Payne was born in Belfast and grew up in the Shankill Road neighbourhood of West Belfast in a Free Presbyterian family. He was one of the original members of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) when it was formed from Ulster loyalist vigilante groups in September 1971. These groups, including the Woodvale Defence Association (WDA) and Shankill Defence Association (SDA), had sprung up following the outbreak in the late 1960s of the violent politico-religiousconflict known as the Troubles. Payne, who had been a supporter of Gusty Spence and had rioted in 1966 following Spence's arrest, had been a member of both the Ulster Volunteer Force and Tara but took his entire "team" over to the UDA upon that organisation's foundation.〔Steve Bruce, ''The Red Hand'', Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 253〕 As the civil disorder, rioting, and attacks carried out by the Provisional IRA escalated, many Ulster Protestants felt increasingly under threat, and the groups were created as a means of defending the status quo. These vigilante units merged in 1971 to become the UDA. Author Sarah Nelson stated that "the vigilantism of summer and autumn 1969 was one of the foundation stones of the Ulster Defence Association".〔Nelson, Sarah (1984). ''Ulster's Uncertain Defenders: Protestant Political, Paramilitary and Community Groups and the Northern Ireland Conflict''. Belfast: Appletree Press. p. 82.〕 A former British Army paratrooper, Payne had been interned in the early 1970s.〔〔 He became commander of the UDA's C Company, 2nd Battalion Shankill Road, West Belfast Brigade, and the second-in-command of the Shankill Road brigade of the Ulster Freedom Fighters (UFF), which was the "cover name" of the UDA's militant branch. Beginning in May 1972 (although the UFF was not "officially" formed until 1973),〔The Ulster Freedom Fighters were formed in 1973 as a "cover name" for the militant branch of the UDA, so the latter, who were then a legal organisation, could avoid being proscribed by the British government〕 as part of their violent, retaliatory campaign against the nationalist population whom they believed was giving full support to the Provisional IRA, the group would abduct random Catholic men and women from nationalist areas, then beat, torture and kill them.〔Peter Taylor. (1999). ''Loyalists''. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. pp. 115-16.〕〔Sarah Nelson. (1984). ''Ulster's Uncertain Defenders: Protestant Political, Paramiltary and Community Groups and the Northern Ireland Conflict''. Belfast: Appletree Press. pp. 117-27.〕 Payne was described as one of the UDA's most violent and feared killers,〔"Davy Payne, aka, 'the Psychopath' dies", ''Irish Echo''. Jack Holland. 26 March-1 April 2003〕 and was also a member of the Orange Order, belonging to the ''Old Boyne Island Heroes Lodge''.〔Brian Kennaway. ''The Orange Order-A Tradition Betrayed'', page 47〕 Journalist Kevin Myers called him "one of the most ferocious savages in the history of Irish terrorism". Payne was said to have invented the notorious "romper rooms" where the UDA interrogated and tortured their victims.〔Simon Pia.("Death in Details" ), news.scotsman.com, 10 July 2003.〕 According to author Ian Wood, Payne was addicted to the use of knives and sadistically tortured his victims before killing them;〔Wood, Ian S. (2006). ''Crimes of Loyalty: A History of the UDA''. p. 13.〕 this earned him the nickname of "The Psychopath".〔 Payne served as the UDA's "Provost-Marshall", the officer in charge of maintaining internal discipline, another role in which he garnered a fearsome reputation.〔 Beginning in early 1973, there was an internal feud and power struggle within the UDA which would last until 1975. Its former leader, the West Belfast brigadier Charles Harding Smith, argued with Payne, and then ordered him off the Shankill Road on account of the latter's support of his rival, Andy Tyrie. Tyrie, who in 1973 had succeeded as UDA commander, retaliated against Harding Smith by promoting Payne to the rank of brigadier in 1974 and subsequently gave him command of the UDA's North Belfast Brigade.〔 Although Tyrie was overall commander of the UDA, brigadiers in the organisation enjoyed a large degree of autonomy and regarded their own territory as "their personal fiefdoms".〔Taylor, p. 199〕 Payne was described by Wood as having been a friend of Tyrie.〔Wood, Ian S. (2006). ''Crimes of Loyalty: A History of the UDA''. Edinburgh University Press. p. 60.〕 Fellow UDA member Glenn Barr believed that Payne on one occasion had saved his life: "I owe my life to Davy Payne because there had been a plan within a section of the UDA to have me killed because I had been part of a delegation which had gone to Libya to have talks with Colonel Gadafy () in 1974. Davy Payne went to those people and told them I was under his protection and I have no doubt this saved my life.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Davy Payne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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